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Alex and Zoe were hanging out on a Friday night. 

They had been talking about how they never do 

anything anymore, they just seem to sit around so they 

decided that they should take a fun trip somewhere. 

They didn't want it to be just any old trip like the 

beach or the mountains, they wanted it to be unique 

and exciting. 

After going through different options like Paris, London 

and Australia they decided on something even more 

different, the center of the earth. They planned for weeks 

on what they should bring and everything they needed for 

the trip. By the middle of July, they were ready to head off 

for their trip to the center of the earth. 

The two friends first encountered the crust of Earth. As 

they examined the crust of the earth closer, they saw some 

of the elements that made up the crust. This included iron, 

oxygen, silicon, magnesium, sulfur, nickel, calcium and 

aluminum. They discovered that the crust beneath the 

continents is 25 miles thick and that the crust beneath the 

ocean varied from 3 to 5 miles thick. They found that the 

temperature varied from 200 degrees Celsius to 400 

degrees Celsius and the temperature increased with depth. 

The two checked the density of the crust and found that it 

was 2.7 to 3.3 grams per cubic centimeter. 

As the two friends continued further down to the center of 

the earth they encountered the lithosphere. They found that 

it was made from the crust and the upper mantle. Its 

composition was mostly made up of little brittle rock and 

the thickness varied from 50 to 100 kilometers depending 

on what part of the lithosphere they were at. Zoe and Alex 

could not get over how big the layers of the earth were! 

They continued on to the asthenosphere which is the fluid 

part of the mantle. The two learned that it is 180 kilometers 

thick. They examined the composition of the asthenosphere 

and found that it was made of ductile and semi-fluid rock.

They left the asthenosphere and got to the mantle. Zoe and 

Alex discovered that the mantle is 1800 miles thick. They 

could not believe that! They found that the mantle is 

mostly composed of hot, dense rock or silicon oxide, 

magnesium oxide and iron oxide. Because of this most of 

the internal heat of Earth is located at the mantle. They 

were told that it is around 1000 degrees Celsius and that the 

density was around 3.3 to 5.7 grams per cubic centimeter. 

The two friends had so much fun learning all of this 

interesting information together. 

Zoe and Alex arrived at the outer core next. They learned 

that is is 1,400 miles thick and it is made up of melted 

metals, mostly nickel and iron. The outer core is 3700 

degrees Celsius and has a density of 9.9 to 12.2 grams per 

cubic centimeter. As they continued their journey, the two 

finally reached the inner core, or the center of the earth. It 

is 800 miles thick and its pressure is 45,000,000 pounds per 

square inch! It is made up of solid metals, nickel and iron 

but mostly iron. They also found that its density is 12.6 to 

13 grams per cubic centimeter. 

Zoe and Alex could not believe that they had finished the 

whole trip! They both had such an awesome time with each 

other and learned so much new information. They learned 

that temperature and density increase the closer to the 

center of the earth you go, the composition of all of the 

layers, and much more. It was an experience that they two 

friends would never forget and they were so glad they 

could spend it with their best friend. 

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