Made By: Enrikas Botyrius 8B

Wars destroy existing infrastructure and hinder efforts to build sustainable and resilient infrastructure. Reconstructing damaged assets and creating new ones becomes a priority, but it requires substantial financial resources, time, and expertise.

Conflicts not only cause direct casualties and the destruction of infrastructure but also indirectly undermine the ability of nations and regions to achieve the SDGs through economic downturns, social instability, and refugee crises.

What are the five effects of war?

Death as a result of wars is simply the "tip of the iceberg". Other consequences, besides death, are not well documented. They include endemic poverty, malnutrition, disability, economic/ social decline and psychosocial illness, to mention only a few.

How do wars affect the environment?

Warfare has many impacts on the total environment: Air pollution, soil pollution, ecological damage, biodiversity damage, and water pollution (modified from Rawtani et al., 2022). Warfare-caused damages of the total environment slows the pace of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

What is the main problem of sustainability?

Climate change is widely seen as the biggest challenge of our age. Vast financial and human resources are being mobilized to deal with the causes and effects of climate change, and to bring about an energy transition away from fossil fuels to renewable resources.

Why is war bad for the economy?

Wars often cause immense economic damage. In war sites, the capital stock, which comprises economic assets such as machinery and buildings, is destroyed. At the same time, economic output, on average, falls by 30 percent and inflation rises by about 15 percentage points over five years.

How much pollution does war cause?

A report made by The Conflict and Environment Observatory (CEOBS) and the Scientists for Global Responsibility estimated the global carbon footprint of the military sector as 5.5% of global emissions, which are not measured and not included in GHG assessments on global and country level.

Instead, one must try to find parallels with previous historical episodes and study the research literature on the economic consequences of war to see if it is possible to find common denominators. It is clear, however, that war often leads to higher inflation in one way or another.