
Is for Absolutism
French Absolutism was 17th-18th century political system where monarchs, most notably Louis XIV, held supreme, unchecked authority, justifying their rule through divine right







is for Bourbon
The Bourbon Dynasty was a French nobel family who included Louis XIV.


Constitutionalism is a form of government where power is limited by law and balanced between the state and the rights of citizens, contrasting sharply with absolutism
Constitutionalism


is for Divine Right

Divine Right was a 17th-century political and religious doctrine that asserted monarchs derive their authority directly from God, not from the people, parliament, or any earthly institution. James I was an example of someone who applied this thought.

The Edict of Nantes was a document issued by Henry IV of France granting religious freedom to Huguenots, later revoked by Louis XIV
is for Edict of Nantes


is for Fronde

The Fronde was a series of civil wars in France occurring during the minority of Louis XIV, acting as a direct reaction against the centralizing, absolutist policies of Cardinal Mazarin and the tax burdens from the Thirty Years' War.

is for God, Glory, Gold

The 3 G's were Spanish motivations during the Age of Exploration. Spain aimed to convert indigenous populations to Catholicism (God), acquire wealth through precious metals like silver (Gold), and enhance national prestige/individual fame (Glory)



is for Habsburg

Charles II was the last Spanish Habsburg (1661–1700) , as his death caused the War of the spanish succession.

is for Intendants

Intendants were royal civil servants in France, particularly empowered under Louis XIII and Louis XIV to implement royal policies in the provinces, weakening the local nobility and centralizing power under the monarch.



is for Jacobites

Jacobites was political movement seeking to restore the Roman Catholic Stuart Family to the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland after his deposition in the 1688 Glorious Revolution.

is for King William of Orange

King William of Orange and his wife Mary II, were cruel participants in the 1889 Glourious Revolution in England, which led to a great social change (hereditary Monarchy to Constitutional Monarchy).

is for Louis XIV

Louis XIV was known as the "Sun King," he established an absolute monarchy, built the Palace of Versailles, and centralized French power

is for Mercantilism

Mercantilism was the thought that a Mother countries wealth was shown by how much silver it had. They used colonies to inrich themselves.

is for New Model Army

The New Model Army was led by Oliver Cromwell in the English Civil War.. It was made up of mostly Puritians in Parliament.

is for Oliver Cromwell

Oliver Cromwell lead the Parliamentarian victory in the English Civil Wars, executing King Charles I, and ruling England as Lord Protector (head of state). His reign was called interregnum.

is for Parliament

Parliament is legislative body that clashed with Stuart monarchs in the 17th century (James I, Charles I) over taxation and authority, leading to the English Civil War.

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