Greek mathematician who flourished in Sicily. He is generally considered to be the greatest mathematician of ancient times. Most of the facts about his life come from a biography about the Roman soldier Marcellus written by the Roman biographer Plutarch.

Archimedes performed numerous geometric proofs using the rigid geometric formalism outlined by Euclid, excelling especially at computing areas and volumes using the method of exhaustion.  He was especially proud of his discovery for finding the volume of a sphere,  showing that it is two thirds the volume of the smallest cylinder  that can contain it. At his request, the figure of a sphere  and cylinder  was engraved on his tombstone. In fact, it is often said that Archimedes would have invented calculus  if the Greeks had only possessed a more tractable mathematical notation. By inscribing  and circumscribing  polygons  on a circle,  for instance, he was able to constrain the value of  (pi ) between 3 10/71 and 3+1/7.

Archimedes was also an outstanding engineer, formulating Archimedes' principle of buoyancy  and the law of the lever.  Legend has it that Archimedes discovered his principle of buoyancy,  which states that the buoyancy force  is equal to the weight  of the liquid displaced, while taking a bath, upon which he is supposed to have run naked through the streets of Syracuse shouting "Eureka!" (I have found it). Archimedes is also purported to have invented the Archimedean screw.  Some of Archimedes's geometric proofs were actually motivated by mechanical arguments which led him to the correct answer. During the Roman siege of Syracuse, he is said to have single-handedly defended the city by constructing lenses  to focus the Sun's  light on Roman ships and huge cranes to turn them upside down. When the Romans finally broke the siege, Archimedes was killed by a Roman soldier after snapping at him "Don't disturb my circles," a reference to a geometric figure he had outlined on the sand.

Some of Archimedes' inventions

 1.Archimedes' "baroque".

A mechanical invention of Archimedes was the barrel or winch. This mechanism consisted of interlocking screws and gears inside a box and was used to raise or pull large loads with the application of minimal force.

2.The chimney of Archimedes

It's a steam-powered cannon. It consisted of a metal cylindrical boiler that attached to it a tap with a closed water container

3.The Levers

Another well-known saying of Archimedes, which we find in many ancient sources, is "Give me to and do them to move", that is: Give me a place to stand and move the earth. Plutarch says Archimedes was boasting that he could do it when he demonstrated that it is possible with a small force to move a huge weight by applying the law of the levers.

4.The spiral of Archimedes

Archimedes' spiral was used on wheels to convert the smooth circular motion into straight smooth but also to move the movement vertically. It can carry both liquids and solids. This construction is our well-known screw.

He has inventions that successfully blend physics and mathematics and overcome mathematics. He was a great and genius scientist of a small Mediterranean island with numerous discoveries in the field of mechanics.Archimedes, a versatile inventor.

Pi number is calculated as 3.14. 

By making large mirrors, he prevented them from reflecting the sunlight and burning the ships.