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I. Judaism                               Page 1     

Leader & Beginnings                Page 2

Holy Writings & Guidelines      Page 3

Beliefs/Influence of Beliefs          Page 4

II. Christianity                      page 5  

Leader & beginnings              page 6

Holy Writings & guidelines    page 7

Beliefs/Influence of Beliefs       page 8

III. Hinduism                        page 9

Leader & Beginnings             page 10

Holy Writing & Guidelines     page 11

Beliefs/Influence Beliefs           page 12

IV. Buddhism

Leader & Beginnings                page 14

Holy writing & Guidelines        page 15

Beliefs/Influence beliefs        page 16

Table of Contents

V. Islamic/ Muslim               page 17

Leader & Beginnings            page 18

Holy Writing & Guidelines     page 19

Beliefs/Influence of Beliefs   Page 20

VI. Confucianism                 page 21

Leader & Beginnings            page 22

Holy Writing & Guidelines     page 23

Beliefs/Influence of Beliefs    page 24

VII. Connections To THe World Today     page 25

Where, Who & Why                               page 26

JUDASIAM

Leader & Beginnings...

The Phoenicians lived in a place called Palestine. The Romans had also 

lived there. The Jews' ancient home was called Canaan. Their influence 

had a huge impact on the Western cultures. Their history, moral laws, 

and legends began tradtition in Christianity and Islam.

Holy Writings & Guidelines...

The Bible said that Cannan was the land that God had promised the 

Hebrew people. The first five books   of the Hebrew Bible, are filled with 

history about early Hebrew. Jewish people call those five books, 

"Torah". Torahs are considered to be the most sacred writings in their 

tradition. God chose Torah to be the "Father" of Hebrew people. God 

wrote " Go from your country and your kindred and your father's 

house the land that I will show you. I will make of you a great nation, 

and I will bless you, and make your name great. " in the Torah. 

Abraham lived in the city of Ur, in Mesopotamia. He was also a 

Shepard. In the book of Genesis, it says that God commanded his 

people to move to Canaan. Decendants of Abraham moved to Egypt in 

1650 B.C. 

In the Torah, it says the man who led the Hebrews out of slavery was 

Moses. Moses was hid by his mother. His mother hid him by the Nile 

river. There, a princess found Moses and adopted him. Moses didn't 

forget his Hebrew birth but when God commanded to take the Jews 

out of Egypt, he did. 

Beliefs & Influences...

Moses climbed to the top of the Mount Sinai to pray and talk to God, 

while the Hebrews were exploring the Sinai Peninsula. When Moses 

came down from Mount Sinai, he brought 2 stone tablets with the 10 

commandments on them. Which Yahweh had written. The basis for 

civil and religious laws of Judaism, were the commandments and 

teachings that he had found. Hebrews believed that the 

commandments formed a new covenant between them and God. God 

also promised to protect the Hebrews. In return, they promised to 

keep his commandments. 

The Torah says that the Hebrews wandered for 40 year around the 

Sinai Desert. 

After the Death of Moses, the Hebrews went back to Canaan, to be 

with Abraham. They changed from a nomadic, tribal society to settles 

herders, farmers, and city dwellers. They also learned new 

technologies about Ancient Palestine. 

1800 B.C- Abraham & his family made their way to Cannan.

1650 B.C- Descendants of Abraham moved to Egypt. 

1300, 1200 B.C- The Hebrews fled Egypt.

1020 to 992 B.C-Hebrews united under 3 kings, Saul, David, and 

Solomon. 

962 B.C-David was succeeded by his son, Solomon.

922 B.C- the kingdom had divided into 2. Israel was in the north and 

Judah was in the south.

738 B.C- Israel and Judah began playing tribute.

725 B.C- the Assyrians began a relentless siege of Samaria

722 B.C- the northern kingdom had fallen to the Assyrians' ferocious 

assault.

586 B.C-Solomon's temple was destroyed in the Babylonian victory.

539 B.C- the Persain king, Cyrus the great, conquered Babylon.

515 B.C- Work on the 2nd temple was completed

445 B.C- the walls of Jerusalem were rebuilt.

Timeline...

CHRISTIANITY

Leaders & Beginnings...

Christianity was born as a movement of Judaism. It was a more 

personal relationship between people and God. This attracted many 

Romans. The Romans took it back to the Jews in Judea. The jews 

remained independent. in A.D 6, the Romans took over the Jewish 

Kingdom. They made it a province of the Empire. Jews thought that 

they would once be free. The Bible read that a man named Messiah 

would come and restore the land of the Jews. Horistorians say that 

sometime around 6 to 4 B.C. a Jewish baby names Jesus was born in 

the town of Bethlehem in Judea. He was raised in the village of 

Nazareth in Northern Palestine. Jesus was baptized by John the 

Baptist. Jesus tok up the trade of Carpentry as a young man. He 

started public ministry at age 30. Jesus taught, preached, and did 

good works for the next 3 years. He taught the 10 commandments. 

Gospels are the main source of information 

about Jesus. The Gospels are the first four 

books of the New Testament Bible. Some 

people think that Apostles wrote the Gospels.

Apostales are a group made of 12 men, who 

were Jesus' pupils. 

Jesus had large crowds of people that followed 

him and his messages. He helped the poor, 

and ignored his wealth. "Blessed are the meek, 

for they shall inherit the earth." - Jesus. 

Holy Writings & Guidelines...

Beliefs & Influences...

The Roman and Jewish leaders were concerned about 

Jesus and why he was so popular to their communities. 

Jerusalem thought that Jesus was Messiah. But, the 

chief priests of the Jews said that he wasn't Messiah. So, 

they had Jesus crucified and nailed to a wooden cross to 

die. Jesus' body was placed in a tomb. Three days after 

his body was placed there, it went missing. Jesus' 

followers said that he went to Heaven. & they said that 

they could see him. They we're convinced that he was 

Messiah.

His beliefs were spread among the people after he was 

crucified. His first followers were Jewish people. The 

Jews created a religion based on his teaching and his 

messages. That religion is now known as Christianity. 

Timeline

63 B.C- Roman power spread to Judea. 

A.D6- Rome took control of the Jewish kingdom.

6-4B.C- Jews believe Jesus was born. 

A.D29- enthusiastic crowds greeted Jesus.

A.D66-a band of Jews rebelled against Rome.

A.D70-Romans stormed Jerusalem & destroyed the Temple 

Complex.

A.D73- 1/2 million Jews were killed in this course of rebellion. 

A.D132-1/2 million Jews died from fighting.

A.D312-Constantine was fighting 3 rivals to battle his cheif 

rival.

A.D313-Constantine ended the persecution of Christians.

A.D325- Constantine moved to solidify further teachings of 

Christianity.

HINDUISM

Leaders & Beginnings...

Aryans and non-Aryans used to not follow the same 

religion. They followed different. They both realized they 

were following the same thing. The only thing that was 

different was their way of living. The blending of beliefs, 

made them believe in thousands of Gods. The 

complexity of all of this, made them question why they 

were here. The Aryans & non-Aryans questioned the 

wealth and power of the Brahmin priests. With the cause 

of all of this, people to this day, still are influenced by 

their beliefs. 

Holy Writings & Guidelines...

Scholars have tried to organize popular cults, and Gods. But, 

Hinduism can't be traced back to one system of beliefs. 

Hindu teachers tried to explain the meaning of Vedic Hymns. 

Their comments were written down and are now known as the 

Upanishads. 

Beliefs/Influence...

The beliefs of Hinduism slowly developed over a very long 

period of time. Some aspects are still traced back to ancient 

times. Hinduism is nothing like Buddhism, Islam or 

Christianity. Those three religions can not be traced back to a 

founder. Even though, they aren't a lot like any other religion, 

they do have many followers. Hindu's use religion to get rid of 

everyday mistakes, illusions and disappointments. Teachers of 

Hinduism tried to explain Vedic Hymns. Their teachings were 

eventually written down and are now known as the 

Upanishads. Upanishads are written dialogs between a teacher 

& student. They establish a way to figure our how to explore 

how people liberate & suffer. Better known as, Moksha. Which 

means a state of perfect understanding of all things. People 

earn the Moksha by understanding the relationship between 

Braham and Atman.   

Timeline...

750 & 550B.C- Hindu teachers tried explaining the hidden 

meaning of the Vedic Hymns. 

599B.C-Mahavira, the founder or Jainism was born.

527B.C-Mahavira believed that everything in the universe has 

a soul and so should not be harmed.

Buddhism

Leader & Beginnings...

Upanishads led to Judaism and Buddhism. Siddhartha 

Gautama, was the founder of Buddhism. He lived in 

Kapilavastu in the foothills. Proficiency's said that he 

was going to be a great leader & man. But he couldn't 

leave home. If he did, then he would become a universal 

spiritual leader. So, his father isolated him to the palace.

Holy Writings & Guidelines...

Siddhartha first left the palace when he was 29. He saw 

a corpse, old man, a sick man, and a holy man that was 

wandering. After he saw those things, he decided to 

spend the rest of his life searching for religious truth. He 

wanted to end life's sufferings. Siddhartha was 

wandering India for 6 years while trying to find 

Enlightenment. (Wisdom) He debated with many other 

religious seekers. He only ate 6 grains of rice per day. 

Still, none of these methods seemed to work for 

Siddhartha. He sat for 49 days in meditation trying to 

achieve the understanding of suffering in this world. 

After he achieved that, he became known as, Buddha. 

Buddha means, "enlightened one". 

Beliefs & Influences...

Buddha preached his Sermon to 5 companions. Those 5 

companions, accompanied him on his wanderings. 

Buddha's first Sermon became a landmark in history. 

His Sermon had the four main ideas to understand his 

enlightenment. Those four main ideas were, The First 

Noble Truth : life is filled with suffering and sorrow. The 

Second Noble Truth: The cause of all suffering is 

people's selfish desire for the temporary pleasures of 

this world. The Third Noble Truth: The way to end all 

suffering is to end all desires. The Fourth Noble Truth: 

The way to overcome such desires and attain 

enlightenment is to follow the Eightfold Path, which is 

called the Middle Way between desires and self-denial. 

The Eightfold Path was a way to behavior. If you 

followed the Eightfold Path, you could reach Nirvana. 

Nirvana's is Buddha's word for selfishness or pain. 

Timeline...

563 B.C- Their leader was born.

483B.C- their leader died.

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