Lifestyle of tribal groups on the plains

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Before America became filled with Americans, Native Americans were here first. They stretched from the Mississippi River to Canada! Each tribe was governed by its chief elder. Women were in charge of caring for children, sewing, and cooking for their families. Men hunted buffalo for food, clothing, tipis, and even ropes. Hunting became easier after Spanish explorer Francisco Vasquez de Coronado introduced riding on horses.

Massacre at Wounded Knee

The Indians were very happy until the Americans wanted to take their homelands. One time, after the Lakota tribe's old chief Sitting Bull was killed, they were led to the Pine Oak Reservation by their new chief named Spotted Elk. When they saw Americans, they performed the Ghost Dance. 150 natives from the Lakota tribe were killed that day because the

Americans got scared and shot them. It is called the Wounded Knee Massacre.

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Sitting Bull

Sitting Bull was the chief of the Lakota Tribe in 1868.

At first, his tribe called him "Slow" for having 

poor fighting skills. However, after finally beating a rival tribe, he gained respect and a new name. Now called Tatanka 

Iyotanka, a Lakota name that describes a buffalo bull sitting on its haunches, 

he led his people into many 

battles against the Americans.

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American cowboys and vaqueros

Cowboys are often thought of as all-American but they actually got their style from Mexican vaqueros. After the settlers came to America, they mimicked the vaquero's clothes, food, and even vocabulary. Learning to use the lasso also helped them herd cattle.

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Problems with the railroad

Despite the Indian's resistance, the transcontinental railroad began construction. It was built to transport people and other goods across America easier and faster. Eventually, the railroad business became so wealthy they bought land made for American families and paid their workers terribly. Without regulation, the railroad became the start of economic corruption and big businesses.

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