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Anatomy and Physiology

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Blood serves many purposes but the main ones include transportation, homeostasis, and heat distribution.

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Transportation: blood facilitates the movement of nutrients, oxygen, wastes, and hormones throughout the body.

Homeostasis: the dynamic state in which the body's internal environment is maintained in the normal range.

The percent composition of blood is as follows:

Erythrocytes (red blood cells) account for 45% of whole blood.

Plasma accounts for 54.3% of whole blood.

Leukocytes account for 0.7% of whole blood.

Plasma helps maintain blood pressure and regulates body temperature. Plasma also transports gases, vitamins, and other nutrients; helps to regulate fluid and electrolyte balance, and helps maintain a good pH.

Erythrocytes are red blood cells, which are biconcave discs whose shape aids the transporting of gases having an increased surface area through which gases can diffuse.

Hemoglobin is an oxygen carrying molecule found within in red blood cell.

Albumins are the smallest and most plentiful plasma proteins. They are synthesized in the liver and their abundance gives them an important role in determining the osmotic pressure of the plasma. Plasma proteins create an osmotic pressure that holds water in the capillaries, known as colloid osmotic pressure.

Leukocytes are white blood cells and they help to fight against diseases. There are five different types of leukocytes that circulate throughout the blood.

Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that have fine cytoplasmic granules and account for 54-62% of a typical adult blood sample. Neutrophil have lobed nuclei.

Eosinophils contain coarse, uniformly sized cytoplasmic granules and have bilobed nuclei. These account for 1-3% of total circulating nuclei.

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